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Fig. 1.1 shows a toy water rocket, half-filled with water and connected to an air pump by rubber tubing.
Air pumped into the rocket raises its pressure. Explain, using particles, why the air exerts pressure on the rocket walls.
Fig. 1.1 shows a toy water rocket, half-filled with water and connected to an air pump by rubber tubing.
Fig. 1.1
Air pumped into the rocket raises its pressure. Explain, using particles, why the air exerts pressure on the rocket walls.
Answer guidance
Explain Give reasons, not just what happens. Each distinct reason is usually worth a mark.
[3 marks]
(a)(ii)
Temperature remains constant. Explain why adding more air particles increases pressure.
Answer guidance
Explain Give reasons, not just what happens. Each distinct reason is usually worth a mark.
[1 mark]
(b)
At high pressure the tubing is removed and water is expelled downwards. Explain, using momentum, why the rocket accelerates upwards.
Answer guidance
Explain Give reasons, not just what happens. Each distinct reason is usually worth a mark.
[3 marks]
(c)
As water leaves, the rocket’s upward acceleration changes. Suggest two reasons.
Answer guidance
Suggest More than one answer may be acceptable, so long as it is consistent with the physics.
[2 marks]
5054/21/O/N/23Cambridge O Level Physics 5054 · Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 2 variant 1 · Question 1