Physics · 5054 · Paper 2 variant 15054/21/O/N/23
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- 3(a)Explain using particles why a liquid expands when heated.2 marks
- 3(b)(i)Name the method of thermal energy transfer to water touching the heater.1 mark
- 3(b)(ii)Explain how thermal energy moves through all the water in the kettle.3 marks
- 3(b)(iii)State water’s boiling temperature at standard atmospheric pressure, including its unit.1 mark
- 3(b)(iv)Calculate the increase in the water’s internal energy in joules.3 marks
- 4(a)Calculate the wavelength of the red light in air, in metres.3 marks
- 4(b)(i)State what happens to its speed, frequency and wavelength on entry.2 marks
- 4(b)(ii)Using the angles in Fig. 4.1, calculate the refractive index of the glass.3 marks
- 4(b)(iii)Draw its path through the block and out into air on Fig. 4.1.2 marks
- 5(a)(i)State the Sun’s three major electromagnetic regions, including ultraviolet, in order of increasing frequency.2 marks
- 5(a)(ii)Give one damaging effect of ultraviolet radiation on the human body and the property causing it.2 marks
- 5(b)Describe how transverse and longitudinal waves differ in vibration direction relative to travel.2 marks
- 7(a)(i)Identify components P and Q.1 mark
- 7(a)(ii)Explain their purpose in producing an electrical output.2 marks
- 7(b)(i)Put X on the trace at one position where the coil is vertical.1 mark
- 7(b)(ii)Using Fig. 7.2 and Y-gain 5.0 V/cm, determine the generator’s maximum e.m.f.2 marks
- 7(b)(iii)Using Fig. 7.2 and timebase 2.0 ms/cm, find the time for one coil revolution in milliseconds.1 mark
- 7(b)(iv)Using the oscilloscope trace in Fig. 7.2 and the 2.0 ms/cm timebase, determine the frequency of the generator output in hertz.2 marks
- 8(a)State how a neutral uranium-235 atom differs from a neutral uranium-238 atom.1 mark
- 8(b)(i)State what happens to a nucleus during fission.1 mark
- 8(b)(ii)Explain how nuclear fission can produce a chain reaction in the reactor.4 marks
- 8(b)(iii)State the purpose of the reactor moderator.1 mark
- 8(b)(iv)Explain what the reactor control rods do.2 marks
- 9(a)Calculate Tᵥ, the period of one orbit, in seconds.2 marks
- 9(b)Explain why speed is a scalar.1 mark
- 9(c)(i)Explain how Venus’s velocity changes as it orbits the Sun.2 marks
- 9(c)(ii)State why this force is needed.1 mark
- 9(c)(iii)On Fig. 9.1, draw an arrow on Venus showing the direction of its resultant force.1 mark
- 9(c)(iv)State what causes the force on Venus.2 marks
- 9(d)(i)Name the planet closer to the Sun than Venus.1 mark
- 9(d)(ii)Compare that planet’s orbital period with Tᵥ and explain the difference.2 marks