2023 · O/N · 5054/21 | Q3

0/42parts marked · 0 of 80 marks

Question (3 of 9)10 marks · Practise this topic →

Options

Theory: answer each printed part. For drawings, upload a clear photo of your sketch on the supplied figure; show working and units for calculations.

(a)

As a liquid is heated, particle kinetic energy increases and the liquid expands.

Explain using particles why a liquid expands when heated.

Answer guidance

Explain Give reasons, not just what happens. Each distinct reason is usually worth a mark.

[2 marks]

(b)(i)

A kettle’s heater is near its base; the water begins at 17 °C. Name the method of thermal energy transfer to water touching the heater.

Answer guidance

State A short answer. No explanation is needed, and adding one cannot earn extra marks.

[1 mark]

(b)(ii)

Explain how thermal energy moves through all the water in the kettle.

Answer guidance

Explain Give reasons, not just what happens. Each distinct reason is usually worth a mark.

[3 marks]

(b)(iii)

State water’s boiling temperature at standard atmospheric pressure, including its unit.

Answer guidance

State A short answer. No explanation is needed, and adding one cannot earn extra marks.

[1 mark]

(b)(iv)

The kettle contains 2.5 kg of water, initially at 17 °C; its specific heat capacity is 4200 J/(kg °C). It switches off at boiling. Calculate the increase in the water’s internal energy in joules.

Answer guidance

Calculate Show your working. The method can earn marks even when the final value is wrong, and a bare answer often cannot.

[3 marks]

5054/21/O/N/23Cambridge O Level Physics 5054 · Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 2 variant 1 · Question 3